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Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that is widely used in Java programming. OOP focuses on creating objects that encapsulate data and behavior, and these objects interact with each other to solve problems. In this approach, the code is organized into reusable and modular components called classes, which can be used to create objects.
In Java, everything is an object, and every object has a class that defines its properties and behavior. A class is a blueprint or a template for creating objects of a specific type. It specifies the data that an object can hold, as well as the methods that can be used to manipulate that data.
Encapsulation is a key concept in OOP, which refers to the practice of hiding the internal details of an object and exposing only the necessary information. This helps to prevent unintended modification of data and provides a way to control access to an object’s properties and methods.
Inheritance is another important concept in OOP, which allows a new class to be based on an existing class, inheriting its properties and behavior. This can help to reduce code duplication and improve code reuse.
Polymorphism is also an essential concept in OOP, which refers to the ability of an object to take on many forms. This means that objects of different classes can be treated as if they were of the same class, as long as they have the same methods.
Overall, object-oriented programming is a powerful programming paradigm that helps to create more modular, flexible, and maintainable code. It enables the creation of objects that can interact with each other to solve problems, and it provides a way to organize and reuse code in a structured manner. Java’s support for OOP makes it a popular choice for building complex and scalable applications.
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